As a young man in New Orleans, Sam Theard began performing in the circus, as well as theaters and nightclubs. In 1929, accompanied by noted blues musicians Tampa Red and Cow Cow Davenport, Sam wrote and recorded “Ill Be Glad When You’re Dead, You Rascal You” under the whimsical moniker “Lovin’ Sam from Down in ‘Bam.” The song was a hit and was recorded by a number of other jazz and swing bands.

He continued to write songs, sing and record through the 30s and 40s. A number of his compositions were covered by various artist for Louis Jordan to The Grateful Dead. In the 50s, Sam wrote a song called “Rock Around The Clock” — not the Bill Haley hit, but Sam’s song did inspire that one.

Using the name “Spo-Dee-O-Dee” that he picked up on the vaudeville circuit, Sam began taking acting jobs, including guest roles on Sanford and Son and Little House on the Prairie. In 1977, with the popularity of such African-American-focused shows like The Jeffersons and Good Times, ABC approached producer Garry Marshall to develop a series to appeal specifically to African-American audiences. Marshall cast Sam (credited as “Spo-Dee-O-Dee”) in a pilot called “Walkin’ Walter.” The show centered on Sam’s character as a free-spirted ex-vaudevillian freeloading  off of his ex-sister-in-law and her two children. The show never made it past the pilot stage.

Sam passed away in 1982 at the age of 78. His final film — a cameo in the dreadful sequel The Sting II — was released posthumously.

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Registered nurse Marie Van Brittan Brown grew weary of the high crime rate in her Queens, New York neighborhood. She and her her electrical engineer husband Albert were furious at the amount of time it took for police to respond to calls. They decided to take matters into their own hands.

Marie and Albert rigged an elaborate and ingenious systems of peepholes, cameras and microphones in their home. The system had its own power supply that operated various transmitters, as well as a pushbutton alarm that silently signaled police. Their system worked so well that they applied for a patent — the first of its kind for a home security system. In December 1969, they were granted Patent Number US3482037A — three years after they filed their application.

Marie and Albert’s patent has been cited as the inspiration for numerous inventions and improvements as of 2024.

Marie passed away in 1999 at the age of 76. Her daughter Norma followed in her mother’s footsteps, becoming both a nurse and an inventor.

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Teenage Jimmy Castor formed the group Jimmy and the Juniors and recorded “I Promise to Remember.” The single was poorly promoted by Mercury Records, which angered the budding singer. In 1966, Jimmy and the group released “Hey Leroy, Your Mama’s Callin’ You.” It was a moderate hit.

In the 70s, Jimmy formed The Jimmy Castro bunch, a decidedly more funky version of his previous group. He hit big with the bass-heavy “Troglodyte,” peaking a Number 6 on the pop charts. A saxophone cover of Procol Harum’s “Whiter Shade of Pale” and the infectious novelty tune “The Bertha Butt Boogie” became hits in both the United States and Canada. Many of Jimmy Castor’s recording were sampled by a number of hip-hop groups, including sax hooks and bass grooves. Artists like Ice-T and Afrika Bambaataa cite Jimmy as an influence on their careers.

Jimmy died from heart failure at his home in Henderson, Nevada. He was one week shy of his 72nd birthday.

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Arturo Schomburg, son of a Black midwife and a German immigrant to Puerto Rico, was told by a grade school teacher that Black people had no heroes, no history and no accomplishments. This infuriated the young Arturo and he devoted his life to proving his teacher wrong.

At St. Thomas College in the Virgin Islands, he studied Black literature which paved the way for a career as a teacher, writer and historian. Arturo co-founded the  The Negro Society for Historical Research, accumulating a collection of thousands of books, as well as other written material, tracing and celebrating Black literature, ideas, accounts and other works from African, West Indian, and Afro-American scholars. The collection eventually became the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem. He was a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance and helped spread its message and influence to African-American communities across the country. Arturo was also instrumental in the fight for Puerto Rico’s and Cuba’s independence from Spain.

Following dental surgery in 1938, Arturo fell ill and passed away in June of that year. He was 64.

His grade school teacher was wrong.

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Ida Bell Wells was born into slavery in 1862. After the end of the Civil Wars, Ida’s parents, advocates in Reconstructionist politics, expressed the importance of education to their eldest daughter. Ida attended Rust College until she was expelled following a dispute with the university president. She lived with her grandmother until a yellow fever epidemic took her parents and she was left to raise her younger brother and sister.

She took a teaching job in her hometown of Holly Springs, Mississippi and later in Memphis. In Memphis, Ida filed a lawsuit against  a train company for unfair treatment. She claimed she was thrown off a train despite having a first-class ticket. The suit was found in her favor, but overturned by a federal court.

Ida began to focus on white mob violence after an acquaintance was the victim of a lynching. She circulated self-published pamphlets and wrote newspaper articles that raised awareness of lynchings. Her writing enraged locals who burned he press and ran Ida out of Memphis. She eventually settled in Chicago.

Ida bonded with other African-American leaders in a boycott of the 1893 Chicago Worlds Fair. She called out exposition organizers for their negative portrayal of African-American community. She also continued her campaign against lynching, spreading her message on an international level. Her public criticism of suffragette groups and their disregard for the issue of lynching brought her ridicule from women’s organizations. Unfettered, she still remained active in the women’s rights movement, eventually founding the National Association of Colored Women’s Club. During World War I, Ida was labeled a “race agitator” and  placed under government surveillance.

Ida was also a co-founder of the NAACP, although her name is missing as an official founder.

Ida passed away in 1931 at the age of 68. In 2019, a new middle school in Washington, DC was named in her honor. In 2020, she was awarded a posthumous Pulitzer Prize. 2025 will see her likeness on a US quarter in the final year of the US Mint’s honoring of significant American women.

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Bass Reeves was born into slavery, but escaped to “Indian Territory” (modern Kansas and Oklahoma) during the Civil War. Bass learned the languages of the Cherokee, Creek, and Seminole tribes, as well as tracking and survival skills. After the Emancipation Proclamation, Bass returned to Arkansas and began farming near the town of Van Buren.

Because of his knowledge of Native American languages, Bass was appointed a Deputy US Marshal, the first black man to serve in that capacity west of the Mississippi River. Bass worked for 32 years as a deputy, bringing in some of the territory’s most dangerous fugitives. He was involved in quite a few gun battles, but Bass was an excellent marksman and was never wounded. When he retired in 1907, he had an estimated 3000 career arrests. He killed 14 outlaws in the line of duty. He even had to arrest his own son for murder. Nevertheless, Bass felt the law was the law. Bass arrested his son and the younger Reeves served 11 years in the prison at Fort Leavenworth.

When Oklahoma achieved statehood in 1907, Bass served as an officer on the Muskogee Police Department. Poor heath forced him to leave the department after just two years. He passed away in January 1910 at the age of 71.

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